Air-pump



(No Model.)

A. CONACHBR.

AIR PUMP.

Patented Peb. 12, 1889'L N wv. .1

N. PETERS. wwwumegmpnw. wmingw", nc.

i @site States 'arent nieren,

ALEXANDER CONACHER,

OF AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.

AIR-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 397,780, dated February 12, 1889.

Application filed August 26, 1887.

To all whom t liz/(Ly concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER tfoNAeHnR, gentleman, a subject of the Queen of Great Britaiinof Augusta, in the county of Richmond and State of Georgia, in the United States of America, but at present residing at 5l Thames Street, llfvindsor, in the count7 of Berks, in England, have invented certain nenT and useful Improvements in Air-Pumps Mainly for Refrigerating-lIachines, of which the following is a specification.

In the accompanying dra-wings, Figure l is a vertical longit-udinal section thro ugh pumps constructed in accordance with my invention and mounted upon a frame carrying the acidreservoir of a refrigerating-inachine. Fig. 2 is a sectional detail view of the pump-valves on a larger scale. Fig. 3 is a sectional detail viewl of a modiiicatien of the pump-valves.

The air-pump consists of two perpendicular pump barrels, A, resting on a horizontal., closed chamber, B. This latter has a crankshaft, C, passing through it, one end having a bearing in a boss i-n theinterior of one end of the chamber B, and the other end passing out through the opposite end with bearing and stuliing-box. The boss and the stuffing.

box may be in covers screwed onto the ends of the chamber B. This crankshaft has two cranks placed oppositel57 to each ot-her, each of which is directlybeloiv center of one of the pump-barrels A. The pistons D are operated from the cranks b y conneetingaods E. The tops of the barrels are domed, and in the eenter of the dome part A a circular metal plate, F, is seated, having the seats of the suction and discharge valves of the pump. The suction-pipe G, leading to pump-barrel, is screwed into a recess bored down into the plate E, or. otherwise united thereto.

7a is a vacuum-gage.

The suction-valve l-I is made ol' a metal disk faced with dermatine7 or leather or other suitable material not affected by hydrocarbon oils, and Vit seats on the under side of the plate F. l

II is a tubular stem closed at top and passing through the plate F, and extending upward inside the suction-pipe for a length eX- ceeding the length of the stroke of the pump. This valve-seat is formed of a beading on the Serial No. 247,918. (No model.)

under side of the plate E. The metal disk of suctioirvalve I-I is made larger in diameter than the beading' en which the valve seats, and its outer edge is cupped upward to asufiicient height to insure the recess thus formed holding the dermatine or otherfacing, and also toA insure that the top edge of this cup shall, when the valve is seated, be above the level of the bottom of the beading which forms the valve-seat; or I may omit the dermatine facing and make the beading conical or Wedge-shaped in section, and cause said beading to seat itself directly against a cor responding conical part recessed in the valve II, as shown in Eig. 3. A number of holes are drilled round the center hole through which the valve-stem passes,wliich holes form the inlet from the suction-pipe G into the pump-barrel.

The discharge-valve I consists of an annular disk of dermatine or other suitable material resting on top of plate F,Which has a number of holes drilled through it to form outlets from pump-barrel and over which the valve rests.

Referring to Fig. 3, it Will be seen that the dermatine is dispensed with and the annular part I is provided with a beading of aconical section which has its sea-ting in the part F; but in Fig. l the top face of the plate F is formed with annular grooves to reduce the bearing-surface of the valve I. A domed cap, A', is iitted to screiv or bolt onto the baiim rel A and over the plate F, to make the latter seat tightly on top of barrel. There is a hole in center of top of dome to admit the suctionpipe G, and an outlet at the side for discharge-pipe K to be screwed into the outlet, the bottom of the pipe being slightly above the level of the seating of discharge-valve I. The discharge-pipe K from each barrel leads into a trap cylinder or pipe, L, placed on top of the chamber B and communicating there with. This trap-cylinder is open to the air at top, but covered with a light cover.

The pump-pistons D are formed as to their upper side to fit the shape of the pump-barrels, and are of suflicient thickness te admit of a recess being made in the center of each on thetop side to receive the betteln of suc tion-valve at the end of the upstroke, While IOO the rest of the face ol.' piston lits close up to the bottom4 of discharge-seat and dome at end oi' stroke. In the center of this recess, in top of piston, a small perpendicular rod, M, is iixed, the upper end of which enters into the hollow stem H of the suction-valve. The upper end of rod )I is iitted with springs, so as to hold the stem H with any desired iension or friction.

Each discharge-valve has a metal washer, l', on top, and is held to its seat by a spiral spring, I?, pressing between it and the interior of the cap A. The suetioirvalves HA are held upto their seats by spiral springs H2 round the stem ll', and the travel ot the suction-valves is limited by stops 7i on the stems H, which come against lugs g in thepipes Gr, and also serveto guide the stems ll in the pipes G.

A small groove, u, Fig. 2, is VFormed in the lower part ot' each barrel A, and reaching slightly above top oi` pistou when Vit istat its lowest point .in the pump, for the passage of oil. The crank-sha tt is driven by hand or other power, in the usual way.

A hydromirbon o il having a boilingpoint oli' -l-()G to (i000 Fahrenheit is poured into the pump until it tillsthewhole space up to the under sides ot: the pistons D andtills part oli' the trap-cylinder Ill. The pump being operated, a very high vacuum obtained, as at eaeh stroke ot' eaeh piston, when it passes below the top of t-he small groove o, a minute |uantity ot' oil is passed up through the groove and onto top oi piston and toward end ot the stroke. This oil tills up the space between top olf piston and interior ot dome A', pressing' every particle ot' air or vapor out through the disehargevalve l', and itsel t' also passing out i through this valve, and thence .into the trap cylinder L, and thus cliquid-sealing the dis* ff'harge-valve. The suction -valve lll is me ehanieally opened at the beginning olf the (flownward stroke oli' the piston by the small rod M, which passes up the interior ol hollow valvestem ll. The springs press against thc interior oli` the latter, their friction thus pulling the suction-valve open` the proper distance; but just before the end of the downstrolte ofthe piston the rod M passes so Vtar out oit the stem ll that the springs on the rod eease to act on the stem ll, and the spiral sqiriiiglla then pushes the valve llf to its seat,

while the cup, forming a raised rim around the i valve lll, insures the valve-seat bein g covered with oil and being liquid-sealed, thus preventing any oi the air or vapor drawn into the pump escal'iing through the suction -valve This pump differs from previous construetions in the construction of the barrels, the simplieitgT of its form, its compactness, and relative cheapness, the almost entire absence oi joints liable to leal: under high vacuum, and the novel construction et' the valves, their simplicity and effectiveness, and the method ot opening the suction-valves and ot' liquid-sealing the same; alsoin the automatic discharge olf a small portion oi' oil into the pump at each stroke to insure complete discharge of allV air or vapor at each stroke. The oil beneath the pistons being exposed to the atm osph erie pressure, because the top ol' trapeyli n d er l. is open to the air, insures the pistons doing good work, even it' they do not tit the barrels very closely. The pistons D are by preference made solid, as shown, or may be provided with cup-leather litted over a plate which is underneath it, and having a metal piston-l'iead to .fit the shape ot' top of barrel, as before named, resting on. top of the leather. The first-named plate is screwed up to this pi ston-head or block, the leather being eut away for the purpose in the center. A small gutter or dopressifm isleftin the charmber 4ll under each erank and provided withA a pipe, N, and cool; to empty the pump. Each barrel, A bein east in one piece, with a seat turned on top to receive the plate l?, and with a thread chased to tit screw oi' valve-cap or with a flange, there only this one joint in pump requiring to be made absolutely7 airi ight, thus min imizing t he risk ol leahs,wl1ieh is very importz'lnt in a pump t'or Forming a high vacuum 5 or the barrel A and plate F may be east in onepieee, as shown inthe detail view, liig. E3.

'lhe sha ['t C can be rotated by means ot' the fly-wheel. mounted tliereon, and said wheel can also be used to operate the piston ot' an agitating-pump in the aeid-\'essel (l ol' a retrigeratiug-maehine, the piston-rod olf said pump being eollnected to one end ot' a lever, l, pivoted to the frame l?, the opposite end oli said lever being connected with the eccentric-rod, U ol.' an eeeentrie, A\", on the boss ot' the Vfiy-whee|. The :wid-vessel t), supported i by the lralne l",v is connected with the airl pumps by means ol the pipe Z, controlled by the valve 'Y upon said pipe.

llaving 'ully deseribed in v invention, l elai m-- l. The combination ol the air-exhausting pumps A, a chamber, li, carrying and connected with said pumps, the pump-barrels having the longtudiinal. passage o, the con neeting-rodsE, and the crank-shaft (t, having its Vbearings in said chamber, the suctionvalves ll, having their upper tace. recessed, the hollow stem ll', seeured to said valves l and having the guide-collar 71l and spring ll`- thereon, the suetionqliipes i, having the internal stops, g, the rod M, secured to the pis I ton and having springs on the side thereof,

the perforated diaphragm F, the annular iva-lves l and springs tllereon, the deliveryi pipes K, and oil-trap l1, substantially as set i forth.

The combination ol I the pumps A, a eln'tmbcr carryingthem, a eran k-shaft having its eranlas therein, a perili'tn'ated diaphragm in. the upper eu d oli' the pump, a disehargevalve on top, and a suction-valve under said. dia phragm, a hollow stem upon said suctionvalve, a piston having its upper face recessed IOO IlO

To receive the suction-valve, u rod secured to vulve, u pistou, L rod secured to the top of Io the top of said piston7 und springs secured to said piston, and springs secured to said rod, said rod,subsautial1y asl and 'for the purpose substantially as and fom1 the purpose dedeserbed. scribed.

The eombntion of the pump-barrel md lT its piston, a perforated diaphragm in the up- ALEX' COB ACHER' per end of said barrel, u discharge-vulve on \Vit11esses: top, and L suction-valve under said dia- G. F. VARREN, phl'agm, a hollow stem upon Suid suetion- YVALTER J. SKERTEN.' 

